萧昭文

Xiao Zhaowen

生卒: 480 年—494 年 12 月
国籍 / 所属: 南齐
朝代: 南齐
在位: 494—494
年号: 延兴（494—494）
谥号: 恭、海陵恭王
身份: 政治人物
职位: 中国皇帝
父亲: 萧长懋
母亲: 许氏
配偶: 王韶明
家族: 兰陵萧氏
简述: 南齐皇帝

萧昭文（480年—494年），字季尚，南朝齐的第四任皇帝，在位仅四个月。母亲为宫人许氏。

萧昭文为文惠太子萧长懋的第二子，永明四年（486年）闰正月封为临汝公，邑千五百户。初为辅国将军、济阳太守。十年（492年）正月，转持节、督南豫州诸军事、南豫州刺史，将军如故。十一年（493年），进号冠军将军。493年萧昭文兄长郁林王萧昭业即位后，十月封昭文为新安王。

隆昌元年（494年）闰四月，以萧昭文为扬州刺史。七月，尚书令、镇军大将军、西昌侯萧鸾刺死萧昭业，拥立萧昭文为帝，改年号为延兴，大赦。但是政事俱操于萧鸾之手，萧昭文的生母许氏也没有得到尊封。

萧昭文刚登基，萧鸾就被任为骠骑大将军、录尚书事、扬州刺史、宣城郡公。九月，萧鸾以萧昭文之名诛杀高帝、武帝诸子，先杀司徒鄱阳王萧锵、中军大将军随郡王萧子隆、南兖州刺史安陆王萧子敬。江州刺史晋安王萧子懋起兵，萧鸾假黄钺，萧子懋败亡，萧鸾又杀湘州刺史南平王萧锐、郢州刺史晋熙王萧𨱇、南豫州刺史宜都王萧铿。

十月，萧鸾被进为太傅，领大将军、扬州牧，加殊礼，进爵为王。萧鸾又杀中军将军桂阳王萧铄、抚军将军衡阳王萧钧、侍中秘书监江夏王萧锋、镇军将军建安王萧子真、左将军巴陵王萧子伦、司徒庐陵王萧子卿，且几乎杀死萧昭文的弟弟荆州刺史萧昭秀。这时萧鸾已掌控萧昭文的起居，有一次萧昭文想吃蒸鱼菜，太官令答没有萧鸾的命令，不给他吃。萧鸾诸子年幼，于是任兄子萧遥光、萧遥欣、萧遥昌以要职。当月，萧昭文被萧鸾以皇太后王宝明的名义称其年幼无知及体弱患病为由废黜为海陵王，以东汉东海王刘彊之礼安置，给虎贲、旄头、画轮车，供奉很厚。萧鸾则以高帝子的名义自立为帝，即齐明帝。

次月，萧昭文便被萧鸾派去看病的医生杀害，谥号恭。萧鸾以刘彊之礼厚葬，但并没有用皇帝礼。北魏趁机大举入侵。

详细介绍

后妃

皇后王韶明

正文摘自中文维基百科「萧昭文」（删去了参考文献、表格和图片），按 CC BY-SA 4.0 使用

英文维基百科的更多内容

中文维基百科这一条比较短，下面是英文维基百科同一条目的节选，原文为英文，未翻译。

Xiao Zhaowen (蕭昭文) (480 – c.December 494), formally Prince Gong of Hailing (海陵恭王), courtesy name Jishang (季尚), was an emperor of the Chinese Southern Qi dynasty. He is known as the Prince of Hailing because that was the title he was demoted to after he was deposed by his granduncle Xiao Luan in December 494. (Xiao Luan had made him emperor earlier in September 494 after assassinating his half-brother Xiao Zhaoye.) After Xiao Luan deposed him and assumed the throne himself, he had Xiao Zhaowen poisoned.

Background

Xiao Zhaowen was born in 480, as the second son of the then-Southern Qi Price of Nan Commandery Xiao Zhangmao, the oldest son of the crown prince Xiao Ze. His mother was Xiao Zhangmao's concubine Lady Xu. Little is known about his childhood. After the death of his great-grandfather Emperor Gao in 482, his grandfather Xiao Ze became emperor (as Emperor Wu), and his father Xiao Zhangmao became Crown Prince. In 486, at age six, Xiao Zhaowen was created the Duke of Linru. In 490, he married Wang Shaoming, the daughter of the official Wang Ci (王慈), as his duchess. Early in 493, his father Xiao Zhangmao died, and his older brother Xiao Zhaoye became Crown Prince. Several months later, still in 493, Emperor Wu died as well, and Xiao Zhaoye became emperor. Xiao Zhaoye created Xiao Zhaowen the Prince of Xin'an.

Xiao Zhaoye was a frivolous and wasteful ruler, spending much time in feast and games. In fall 494, the prime minister Xiao Luan the Marquess of Xichang, cousin of Emperor Wu, seeing Xiao Zhaoye as an incompetent ruler and believing that Xiao Zhaoye was going to act against him, carried out a coup and assassinated Xiao Zhaoye. He placed Xiao Zhaowen on the throne to succeed Xiao Zhaoye.

Reign

While Xiao Zhaowen, now 14, carried the title of emperor, actual authority was in the hands of Xiao Luan, and Xiao Luan had himself initially created the Duke of Xuancheng, and then the Prince of Xuancheng. In Xiao Zhaowen's name, Xiao Luan soon carried out the executions of a large number of princes who were sons of Emperors Gao and Wu, whom he viewed as threats against himself:

Xiao Qiang (蕭鏘), the Prince of Poyang, son of Emperor Gao
Xiao Zilong (蕭子隆), the Prince of Sui, son of Emperor Wu
Xiao Zimao (蕭子懋), the Prince of Jin'an, son of Emperor Wu
Xiao Zijing (蕭子敬), the Prince of Anlu, son of Emperor Wu
Xiao Rui (蕭銳), the Prince of Nanping, son of Emperor Gao
Xiao Qiu (蕭銶), the Prince of Jinxi, son of Emperor Gao
Xiao Keng (蕭鏗), the Prince of Yidu, son of Emperor Gao
Xiao Shuo (蕭鑠), the Prince of Guiyang, son of Emperor Gao
Xiao Jun (蕭鈞), the Prince of Hengyang, son of Emperor Gao
Xiao Feng (蕭鋒), the Prince of Jiangxia, son of Emperor Gao
Xiao Zizhen (蕭子真), the Prince of Jian'an, son of Emperor Wu
Xiao Zilun (蕭子倫), the Prince of Baling, son of Emperor Wu
Xiao Ziqing (蕭子卿), the Prince of Luling, son of Emperor Wu

Initially, Xiao Zhaowen's younger brother Xiao Zhaoxiu (蕭昭秀), the Prince of Linhai, was to be killed as well, but was spared at the last minute. In place of these imperial princes from Emperors Gao and Wu's lines, Xiao Luan, because his own sons were young, installed his nephews Xiao Yaoguang (蕭遙光), Xiao Yaoxin (蕭遙欣), and Xiao Yaochang (蕭遙昌) in important posts. Less than three months after Xiao Zhaowen became emperor, Xiao Luan issued an edict in the name of Xiao Zhangmao's wife Empress Dowager Wang Baoming, stating that Xiao Zhaowen was not sufficiently intelligent and healthy to be emperor, giving the throne to Xiao Luan, who then took the throne as Emperor Ming.

After reign

The edict deposing Xiao Zhaowen created him the title of the Prince of Hailing. About a month after he was removed from the throne, however, Xiao Luan, on pretenses that Xiao Zhaowen was ill, sent imperial physicians to see him, but instead instructed the physicians to have him poisoned. Xiao Zhaowen was given the posthumous name Gong (恭, meaning "respectful") and buried with great honors, but not imperial honors.