雅盖洛王朝

统治

王朝的成员曾经是以下国家的君主：

立陶宛大公国（1377年–1392年 及 1440年–1572年）

波兰王国（1386年–1572年）

匈牙利王国（1440年–1444年 及 1490年–1526年）

波希米亚王国（1471年–1526年）

The Jagiellonian dynasty (US: ; US: ; Lithuanian: Jogailaičių dinastija; Polish: dynastia jagiellońska), also known as the House of Jagiellon (Polish: Dom Jagiellonów) or simply the Jagiellons (Lithuanian: Jogailaičiai; Polish: Jagiellonowie; Latin: Iagellonidae), was a cadet branch of the Lithuanian ducal dynasty of Gediminids. The Jagiellons reigned in several European countries between the 14th and 16th centuries. Members of the dynasty were Kings of Poland (1386–1572), Grand Dukes of Lithuania (1377–1392 and 1440–1572), Kings of Hungary (1440–1444 and 1490–1526), and Kings of Bohemia and imperial electors (1471–1526).

The dynasty originated with Jogaila, the Grand Duke of Lithuania, who was baptized as Ladislaus (Polish: Władysław) in 1386, which paved the way to his ensuing marriage to the Queen Regnant Jadwiga of Poland, resulting in his ascension to the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland as Władysław II Jagiełło, and the effective promotion of his branch to a royal dynasty. The personal union between the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (converted in 1569 with the Treaty of Lublin into the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth) is the reason for the common appellation "Poland–Lithuania" in discussions about the area from the Late Middle Ages onward. One Jagiellon, Władysław III of Poland, briefly ruled both Poland and Hungary (1440–1444), and two others ruled both Bohemia and Hungary (1490–1526) and then continued in the distaff line as a branch of the House of Habsburg.

The Polish "Golden Age", the period of the reigns of Sigismund I and Sigismund II, the last two Jagiellonian kings, or more generally the 16th century, is most often identified with the rise of the culture of Polish Renaissance.……

Name

The name comes from Jogaila (Jagiełło), the first Grand Duke of Lithuania to become King of Poland. In Polish, the dynasty is known as Jagiellonowie and the patronymic form: Jagiellończyk;……

Pre-dynasty background

The rule of Piasts, the earlier Polish ruling house (c. 962–1370) had ended with the death of King Casimir III the Great. Gediminids, the immediate predecessors of the first Jagiellonian, were rulers of medieval Lithuania with the title of Grand Duke.……

Kingdom of Poland

Jogaila and Władysław III

Polish–Lithuanian union

In 1385 the Union of Krewo was signed between Queen Jadwiga of Poland and Jogaila, the Grand Duke of Lithuania, the last pagan state in Europe.……

Struggle with the Teutonic Knights

The Great War of 1409–1411, precipitated by the Lithuanian uprising in the Order controlled Samogitia, included the Battle of Grunwald (Tannenberg), where the Polish and Lithuanian armies completely defeated the Teutonic Knights.……

Kingdoms of Bohemia and Hungary

Vladislaus II of Hungary

King of Bohemia

Vladislaus II of Hungary was born on 1 March 1456, the oldest son of King Casimir IV of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, then the head of the ruling Jagiellon dynasty of Poland, and Elizabeth of Austria, daughter of Albert, King of Germany, Hungary and Bohemia.……

King of Hungary

Great chaos overcame Hungary when the King Matthias Corvinus died without heir in 1490.……

Jagiellonian Kings of Poland

After Sigismund II Augustus, the dynasty underwent further changes. Sigismund II's heirs were his sisters Anna Jagiellon and Catherine Jagiellon. The latter had married Duke John (a son of King Gustav I), who thereby from 1569 became King John III of Sweden, and they had a son, Sigismund III Vasa;……

Jagiellonian Kings of Bohemia, Hungary and Croatia

Albert II of Germany died in October 1439, willing the Hungarian throne to his unborn son. The Hungarian nobles rejected the late king's testament and elected Władysław III as King of Hungary and Croatia on 8 March 1440.……

Other members of the Jagiellonian dynasty

Jagiellons in natural line

Hungarian line

Although Louis II's marriage remained childless, he probably had an illegitimate child with his mother's former lady-in-waiting, Angelitha Wass, before his marriage. This son was called John (János in Hungarian). This name appears in sources in Vienna as either János Wass or János Lanthos.……

Polish–Lithuanian line

Sigismund I the Old had three illegitimate children: John of the Lithuanian Dukes who became bishop of Catholic Church, Regina and Catherine, by his long-time mistress, Katarzyna Telniczanka;……

Genetics

The Jagiellonian dynasty, a cadet branch founded by Władysław II Jagiełło, descends from the Gediminid dynasty in the male line. Y-DNA testing of living male-line descendants has shown that the Gediminid and Jagiellonian dynasties belong to haplogroup N-M231 (N1c1), within the L551 subclade.……

Legacy

The Jagiellonian University in Kraków

Jagiellonian Library of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków

Globus Jagellonicus, is by some considered to be the oldest existing globe to show the Americas

Jagiellonian tapestries is a collection of tapestries