胡利奥·玛丽亚·桑吉内蒂

人物经历

桑吉内蒂生于乌拉圭蒙得维的亚市的一个意大利裔家庭里。早年在乌拉圭共和国大学法律和社会科学系就读，毕业后成为一名律师，并加入红党，步入政坛。曾三次当选乌拉圭国会的众议员，又担任过工商部长、教育和文化部长等职。1983年当选为红党总书记，1984年8月经党派联合推举，当选总统，终结了长达12年之久的独裁统治。桑吉内蒂在第一个任期内，与中华民国断交，并与中华人民共和国建交。

1994年11月27日，桑吉内蒂击败左派候选人塔瓦雷·巴斯克斯再次当选总统。

Julio María Sanguinetti Coirolo (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈxuljo maˈɾia saŋɡiˈneti kojˈɾolo]; born 6 January 1936) often known by his initials JMS, is a Uruguayan former lawyer, journalist and politician of the Colorado Party (PC) who served as the President of Uruguay as the 35th president from 1985 to 1990, and again as the 37th president from 1995 to 2000. He was the first democratically elected president after twelve years of military dictatorship.

Born in Montevideo, Sanguinetti graduated from the University of the Republic in 1961 with a law degree. He later combined his legal practice with work as a journalist. He had already been writing for the press, first in the weekly Canelones and later, since 1955, as a columnist for Acción, a newspaper established by the then-President, Luis Batlle Berres, for which he covered events such as the Cuban Revolution and the OAS Foreign Ministers' summit that censured Cuba for its decision to establish relations with the Soviet Union.

In the 1962 general election, Sanguinetti was elected National Representative for the Montevideo Department, and re-elected in 1966. In 1969 the then president Jorge Pacheco Areco appointed him Minister of Industry and Commerce. From March to October 1972 he served as Minister of Education and Culture under Juan María Bordaberry. He publicly opposed the 1973 coup d'état and the subsequent civil-military dictatorship.

Sanguinetti participated in the Naval Club Pact that made the democratic transition possible. In the 1984 general election he was elected President of Uruguay as the most voted candidate of the most voted political party, according to the Ley de Lemas system.……

Early life and education

Sanguinetti Coirolo was born in Montevideo on January 6, 1936, to a middle-class Italian-Uruguayan family from the town of Chiavari near the city of Genoa. His parents were Julio León Sanguinetti Maupe and Ema Coirolo Saravia.……

Early political career

In 1963, at the age of 27, Sanguinetti became a member of the Chamber of Representative for the Montevideo Department. In 1964 he was a member of the Uruguayan delegation that participated in the establishment of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) in Geneva.

Civilian-military administration 1973–1985

The breach of the constitutional order by the Armed Forces in June 1973 deprived him of his positions in the Government and in the Chamber of Representatives, where he had renewed his seat once again in 1971, as well as his position as Deputy Editor of Acción Newspaper - which was closed down - and President of the National Council of Visual Arts, to which he had been appointed in 1967.……

First presidency (1985–1990)

On 25 November 1984, general elections were held. Sanguinetti won 31.2% of the votes, defeating the best PN candidate, Alberto Zumarán;……

Post-presidency (2000–present)

Always active in journalism and in the cultural world, during his break from presidential duties between 1990 and 1995 Sanguinetti was a columnist for the EFE Press Agency and El País, both Spanish companies.……

Personal life

He is married to the historian and journalist Marta Canessa; they have two children, Julio Luis and Emma, both of them lawyers.

Honours

Foreign honours

• Argentina:
• Collar of the Order of the Liberator General San Martín
• Brazil:
• Grand Collar of the National Order of the Southern Cross
• Chile:
• Collar of the Order of Merit
• Colombia:
• Grand Collar of the Order of Boyaca
• Grand Collar of the Order of San Carlos
• El Salvador:

National

Honorary Member of IHGU, 2000.