曼纽·卡斯提尔

生平

1938年生于阿尔瓦塞特省埃林，后搬至巴塞罗那，活跃于反佛朗哥学生运动，后前往法国求学，1967年获巴黎大学社会学博士学位。1967年开始担任巴黎第十大学讲师。1968年因发生学生运动而离职。1970年至1979年，在巴黎社会科学高等学院任教。

1979年至2003年，在美国加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校社会学与城市和区域规划学系任教，期间曾任西欧研究中心主任，国际问题研究所执行委员会委员，环境设计学院执行委员会委员。1988年至1993年，兼任马德里自治大学新技术社会学研究所所长、教授。2001年至2012年，兼任巴塞罗那加泰罗尼亚开放大学互联网跨学科研究所所长、教授。2003年开始担任南加州大学通信学院传播学教授。2004年至2009年，担任麻省理工学院技术与社会学客座教授。2006年至2010年，担任圣克拉拉大学客座教授、牛津大学互联网研究客座教授。2012年获郝尔拜奖。

2020年开始担任西班牙第二次桑切斯内阁大学大臣。

Manuel Castells Oliván (Catalan: [kəsˈteʎs]; born 9 February 1942) is a Spanish sociologist. He is well known for his authorship of a trilogy of works, entitled The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture. He is a scholar of the information society, communication and globalization.

Castells is a full professor of sociology at the Open University of Catalonia (UOC) in Barcelona. He is also a university professor and the Wallis Annenberg Chair Professor of Communication Technology and Society at the University of Southern California's Annenberg School of Communication and Journalism in Los Angeles. Additionally, he is a professor emeritus of sociology and professor emeritus of city and regional planning at the University of California, Berkeley, where he taught for 24 years. He is also a fellow of St John's College at the University of Cambridge.

The 2000–2014 research survey of the Social Sciences Citation Index ranks him as the world's fifth most-cited social science scholar, and the foremost-cited communication scholar.

In 2012, Castells was awarded the Holberg Prize, for having "shaped our understanding of the political dynamics of urban and global economies in the network society." In 2013, he was awarded the Balzan Prize for Sociology for "his wide-ranging and imaginative thinking through of the implications of the great technological changes of our time."

In January 2020, he was appointed minister of universities in the second government of Pedro Sánchez in Spain, a position he held until his resignation in December 2021.

Biography

Early life

Manuel Castells was born on February 9, 1942, in the city of Hellín, in the La Mancha region, under the Spanish State. His parents, Fernando Castells Adriaensens and Josefina Olivan Escartin were both civil servants. He also has a younger sister named Irene. He grew up in Madrid, Cartagena, and Valencia, where his father, a financial inspector, was posted to.

Politics was a part of Castells' life from an early age. He notes:

My parents were very good parents. It was a conservative family — very strongly conservative family.……

Early education and activism

Castells completed his secondary education in Barcelona two years ahead of time in 1958, after which he studied law and economics at the University of Barcelona.……

Theoretical contributions

The sociological work of Manuel Castells synthesizes empirical research literature with combinations of urban sociology, organization studies, internet studies, social movements, sociology of culture, and political economy. About the origins of the network society, he posits that changes to the network form of enterprise predate the electronic internet technologies (usually) associated with network organization forms (cf. Organization theory (Castells)).

Information Age

Castells' most well-known work is a trilogy of books, entitled The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture.……

Critical responses to Castells

Over the years, Castells' work has been met with several noteworthy critiques. Some criticisms of Castells' work compare his ideas to functionalism, in that they include some “abstract system-building.” In other words, there is a certain level of inattention to individuals, while sweeping generalizations are made about society. Additionally, Castells' work includes observations about the intense global influence of informationalism. There is some discrepancy about how much of the globe is truly “dominated” by expansive informational networks.……

Publications

Manuel Castells is one of the world's most often-cited social science and communications scholars. Castells is a sole author of 23 books and editor or co-editor of fifteen more, as well as over one hundred articles in academic journals. The trilogy, The Information Age, has been compared to the work of Karl Marx and Max Weber. It took him fifteen years to conduct research for the trilogy.

Books

The Urban Question. A Marxist Approach (Alan Sheridan, translator). London, Edward Arnold (1977) (Original publication in French, 1972)

City, Class and Power. London; New York, MacMillan; St. Martins Press (1978)