2023年7月以色列入侵杰宁行动

On 3 July 2023, the Israeli military conducted a major assault on the Jenin refugee camp in the West Bank. The Israeli government stated that the goal of the operation, named Operation Home and Garden, was to target militants within the camp.

The attack began in the early hours of 3 July and resulted in the deaths of at least 12 Palestinians, including at least 9 militants, and injuries to 100 others. The military emphasized that the operation is "one in a series", limited to the refugee camp area in Jenin. Up to 500 Palestinian families had to leave their homes due to the Israeli assault.

The assault was the largest incursion and deployment of aerial force against militants in the West Bank in 20 years, since fighting during the Second Intifada. Israeli military and political echelons expressed differing views about the scale and intent of the operation.

Background

Since the escalation of Israeli-Palestinian violence in the spring of 2022, the Jenin camp and its neighboring town have remained a focal point of tension. Jenin has historically been a stronghold for armed resistance against Israel and was a significant source of friction during the Second Intifada.

In 2023, the refugee camp was repeatedly targeted by Israeli forces.……

Attack

The attack began with drone strikes on what the IDF called "terrorist infrastructure" shortly after 1 A.M. The airstrikes were followed by the deployment of troops who remained inside the camp until midday. The fighting persisted for approximately 14 hours after the Israeli forces entered the camp. IDF spokesman Richard Hecht disclosed that around 2,000 soldiers, constituting a brigade-size force, participated in the operation.

The military blocked roads, seized control of houses and buildings, and positioned snipers on rooftops.……

Casualties

Among the 12 Palestinian fatalities, Palestinian Islamic Jihad claimed eight as militants. At least one was a Hamas militant.

In addition to the 12 Palestinians killed, 23-year-old Israeli soldier Sergeant-Major David Yitzhak, from the Egoz unit, was also killed during the operation. An IDF investigation revealed that Yitzhak was mistakenly shot by other Israeli commandos, due to misidentification while securing the withdrawal from the camp, in a case of friendly fire. The probe highlighted positioning issues in the IDF's withdrawal and led to various "disciplinary actions" against Oz Brigade officers.

Reactions

Palestine

Nabil Abu Rudeineh, the spokesperson for the Palestinian presidency, asserted that the Palestinian people would not yield, surrender, or back down "in the face of this brutal aggression."

Inside the Gaza Strip a march of solidarity was organized by local political groups such as the ruling Hamas party and the PFLP in solidarity with Jenin.

The first funeral for the dead took place on 5 July. When senior Palestinian Authority members, including Mahmoud Aloul, an ally of Mahmoud Abbas, arrived to offer their respects, they were heckled and chased off by the mourners.

United Nations and EU

Lynn Hastings, the U.N.……

Aftermath

On 4 July, nine people were injured in the city of Tel Aviv following a vehicle-ramming and stabbing attack by a Palestinian man. Hamas claimed the attack was "heroic and revenge for the military operation in Jenin".

On 5 July near Mount Gerizim armed militants opened fire at an Israeli police vehicle, damaging the vehicle and also a local store. The attack reportedly left no Israelis or militants injured. The PFLP's armed wing, the Abu Ali Mustapha Brigades claimed responsibility for the attack.……